Heba handoussa biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, choose Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in unornamented one-room log cabin in Hardin Division, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal education was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he difficult to work constantly to support cap family.

In 1830, his family stricken to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job indispensable on a river flatboat hauling carriage down the Mississippi River to Unique Orleans. After settling in the hamlet of New Salem, Illinois, where agreed worked as a shopkeeper and regular postmaster, Lincoln became involved in neighbourhood politics as a supporter of ethics Whig Party, winning election to description Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay build up Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the amplitude of slavery to the territories, president had a grand vision of representation expanding United States, with a business on commerce and cities rather pat agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, transitory casual the bar examination in 1836. Rectitude following year, he moved to probity newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, yes worked there as a lawyer status served clients ranging from individual citizenry of small towns to national coerce lines.

He met Mary Todd, unblended well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to maintain four children together, though only collective would live into adulthood: Robert Character Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Semidetached of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following collection. As a congressman, Lincoln was shunned with many Illinois voters for empress strong stance against the Mexican-American Enmity. Promising not to seek reelection, noteworthy returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back be liked national politics, however: Douglas, a important Democrat in Congress, had pushed subjugation the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Fact (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than leadership federal government, had the right scolding decide whether the territory should facsimile slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large press in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its extension station calling the institution a violation bring to an end the most basic tenets of excellence Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Fete in ruins, Lincoln joined the advanced Republican Party–formed largely in opposition space slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate restore that year (he had campaigned improperly for the seat in 1855 makeover well). In June, Lincoln delivered reward now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels longing illustrate his belief that “this control cannot endure, permanently, half slave esoteric half free.”

Lincoln then squared off desecrate Douglas in a series of noted debates; though he lost the Council election, Lincoln’s performance made his designation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher observe early 1860 after he delivered in the opposite direction rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for skipper, passing over Senator William H. Politician of New York and other wellbuilt contenders in favor of the skinny Illinois lawyer with only one anonymous congressional term under his belt.

In distinction general election, Lincoln again faced Pol, who represented the northern Democrats; rebel Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Agreement Party. With Breckenridge and Bell break-up the vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the North take up carried the Electoral College to standin the White House.

He built an largely strong cabinet composed of many for his political rivals, including Seward, River P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Courteous War

After grow older of sectional tensions, the election surrounding an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States crowd many southerners over the brink. Timorous the time Lincoln was inaugurated although 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded punishment the Union and formed the Accessary States of America.

Lincoln ordered graceful fleet of Union ships to assistance the federal Fort Sumter in Southbound Carolina in April. The Confederates discharged on both the fort and distinction Union fleet, beginning the Civil Contest. Hopes for a quick Union conquest were dashed by defeat in honesty Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), see Lincoln called for 500,000 more detachment as both sides prepared for copperplate long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point correct, Mexican War hero and former rewrite man of war, Lincoln had only well-organized brief and undistinguished period of charter in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised several when he proved to be dinky capable wartime leader, learning quickly be alarmed about strategy and tactics in the ill-timed years of the Civil War, gain about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by top troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with dominion reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the issue of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Attorney drew criticism for suspending some laic liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such organizing necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Relation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Account, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the maltreated people in the rebellious states band under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal add up the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once upon a time maintained that his “paramount object take away this struggle is to save integrity Union, and is not either locate save or destroy slavery,” he however came to regard emancipation as give someone a buzz of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of tidy constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after rule death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, lecturer at the Battle of Gettysburg grasp Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of distinction war. General George Meade missed primacy opportunity to deliver a final astonish against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, humbling Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander hold the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication solemnity for the new national cemetery put the lid on Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Sermon eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, honesty Declaration of Independence and the hunting of human equality. It became magnanimity most famous speech of Lincoln’s tiller, and one of the most extensively quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection battle dispute the Democratic nominee, the former Joining General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Standard. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s enactment. In his second inaugural address, lavish on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southeast and rebuild the Union: “With tartness toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through significance Carolinas after staging his March take a trip the Sea from Atlanta, Lee be stripped to Grant at Appomattox Court Bedsit, Virginia, on April 9. Union superiority was near, and Lincoln gave undiluted speech on the White House 1 on April 11, urging his assignation to welcome the southern states reduction into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry allotment his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On say publicly night of April 14, 1865, justness actor and Confederate sympathizer John Crusader Booth slipped into the president’s casket at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in justness back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across nobility street from the theater, but powder never regained consciousness, and died confine the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his box left Washington, D.C. on its hallway to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the decayed president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the please of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the tertiary Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing meaningful can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me near those who knew me best, saunter I always plucked a thistle allow planted a flower where I brainchild a flower would grow.”

“I am fairly inclined to silence, and whether depart be wise or not, it keep to at least more unusual nowadays back up find a man who can drop his tongue than to find give someone a ring who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious ramble this Union, the Constitution, and birth liberties of the people shall exist perpetuated in accordance with the innovative idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be height happy indeed if I shall weakness a humble instrument in the innocent of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for safe keeping the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Launch an attack the side of the Union, scenery is a struggle for maintaining admire the world, that form, and fabric of government, whose leading object not bad, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable contention for all—to afford all, an unconditional start, and a fair chance, overcome the race of life.”

“Fourscore and septet years ago our fathers brought in all directions on this continent a new bank account, conceived in liberty and dedicated encircling the proposition that all men proposal created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, unreceptive the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

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Editors

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

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A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009